Ever had a song stuck in your head long after the music stopped? Or found yourself replaying an argument—what you said, what you wish you had said, or how it might unfold next time? These mental loops ...

If you’ve ever found yourself spiraling over tiny decisions or replaying the same thoughts on loop, science says your brain’s reward system might be to blame. A growing number of neuroscientists now ...

At the center of this feedback system is dopamine, a chemical involved in anticipation and learning that helps the brain decide what’s worth repeating. If you’ve ever felt your heart race mid-argument ...